问题库/急救与意外
有人突然抽搐倒地，该怎么处理
把周围硬东西挪开，让他侧躺、嘴朝下，看表记时间。别按住，别往嘴里塞东西，那只会弄伤牙齿和下颌。超过 5 分钟不停、第一次发作、抽完叫不醒，都叫救护车。
这里不保证什么
孩子发高烧抽搐也一样，别脱衣服、别用冷水擦身。抽完一侧没劲、说话不清，按中风打 120。
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有人抽搐倒地，清开周围、让他侧躺、看表计时，什么都别往嘴里塞；孩子发烧时抽搐也一样
把周围的硬东西挪开，让他侧躺、嘴朝下，看表记时间。别按住他，别往嘴里塞东西，那只会弄伤牙齿和下颌。超过 5 分钟不停、头一次发作、抽完叫不醒，都要叫救护车。孩子发高烧时抽搐也这么办，别脱衣服、别拿冷水擦身降温。
- 先把周围的硬东西挪开，用手或软东西护住头，别按住他
- 让他侧躺、嘴朝下，看表记下抽了多久
- 超过 5 分钟不停、头一次发作、抽完叫不醒，打 120 送医
坑往嘴里塞东西只会弄伤牙齿和下颌；孩子发烧抽搐别脱衣服、别拿冷水擦身降温，也别抱着往医院跑。
成本：不花钱。第 13 节 · 紧急情况：先做什么
出处
美国疾病控制与预防中心. 癫痫发作急救：「Don't hold the person down or stop their movements」「Don't put anything in their mouth. This can hurt their teeth or jaw」「Don't offer water or food until they are fully alert」「Time the seizure to track if it lasts more than 5 minutes. If it does, seek immediate medical attention or call 911」. <https://www.cdc.gov/epilepsy/first-aid-for-seizures/index.html> ; NHS. Febrile seizures：「it's unlikely to harm your child or cause long-term effects」「Febrile seizures usually last for 2 to 3 minutes. It's rare for them to last more than 10 minutes」「They usually affect children between 6 months and 6 years old」「has a seizure for the first time」「has a seizure that lasts more than 5 minutes」「is more sleepy than usual for more than 1 hour after the seizure stops」「protect their head with your hands or something soft」「do not move your child or try to hold them in place」「do not try to lower your child's temperature by undressing them or sponging them with cold water」「Do not take your child to A&E if they are still having a seizure or are unconscious, call 999 instead」「your child will need to be checked in hospital after having a febrile seizure for the first time」. <https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/febrile-seizures/> ; Subcommittee on Febrile Seizures, American Academy of Pediatrics (2011). Neurodiagnostic evaluation of the child with a simple febrile seizure. Pediatrics, 127(2), 389-394：「In general, a simple febrile seizure does not usually require further evaluation, specifically electroencephalography, blood studies, or neuroimaging」. <https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2010-3318>
糖尿病人突然发抖、出冷汗、说话不清，先给 15 克糖，15 分钟后复测
先吃 15 克糖，方糖、一小盒果汁都行。15 分钟后再测一次，还低就再来一次。血糖低于 3.0 mmol/L 就是医学上要当回事的低血糖，到了要别人帮忙才能处理的程度，可以致命。意识不清的人一口都别喂，会呛进气管，直接打 120。
- 先测一次血糖，低于 3.0 mmol/L 就当低血糖处理，让他坐下别站着
- 给 15 克快吸收的糖：几块方糖或一小盒果汁，随身带的就是这个用途
- 等 15 分钟复测，还低就再给一次；反复低或者人已经糊涂，立刻打 120
坑人已经意识不清还硬喂，会呛进气管，这种时候一口都别喂，直接打 120；随身带糖是给容易低血糖的那个人带的，别临时找。
成本：不花钱。随身带几块方糖或者一小盒果汁。第 13 节 · 紧急情况：先做什么
出处
美国糖尿病学会 (2025). 糖尿病诊疗标准 2025·第 6 章 血糖目标与低血糖. Diabetes Care：分级「Level 1: Glucose <70 mg/dL (<3.9 mmol/L) and ≥54 mg/dL (≥3.0 mmol/L)」「Level 2: Glucose <54 mg/dL (<3.0 mmol/L)」「Level 3: A severe event characterized by altered mental and/or physical status requiring assistance for treatment of hypoglycemia, irrespective of glucose level」；处理「For most individuals, 15 g carbohydrates should be ingested」「Fifteen minutes after initial treatment, repeat the treatment if hypoglycemia persists」. <https://doi.org/10.2337/dc25-S006>
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这条回答是给一个正在着急的人写的，不是法律意见或医嘱。 金额大、动到人身、或者已经进到程序里，去找律师、医生和办事窗口。