高性价比人生指南遇到事,按问题找

问题库/身体与体检

绝经前后潮热盗汗,要不要硬扛

2 条依据 · 约 700 字 · 出处逐条列出

挂妇科或更年期门诊,说清潮热一周几次、影不影响睡;把乳腺、血栓、心血管的病史和家族史讲全,别自己买药。用激素治疗,潮热次数比吃安慰剂少约75%,代价是每年每1万名女性里乳腺癌、血栓、中风各多约8人;50到59岁开始用的人,总死亡率没有升高。按处方用、按时复查,目标是压症状。

这里不保证什么

它不能用来防心脏病和老年痴呆;那项试验的女性平均63岁、用的是固定口服方案,和现在50来岁为症状用药的人不完全一样;痛到耽误上班上学、吃药也压不住的,同样别硬扛,去妇科查。

展开看依据2 条 · 点标题进原条目

绝经前后潮热盗汗影响到生活,就去妇科评估激素治疗,别硬扛也别自己买药,更别拿它防心脏病

绝经前后潮热、盗汗,用激素治疗,潮热次数比吃安慰剂少约 75%。代价是乳腺癌、血栓、中风会多一点,每年每 1 万名女性里各多出约 8 个人。50 到 59 岁开始用的人,总死亡率没有升高。它不能用来防心脏病和老年痴呆。

  • 挂妇科或更年期门诊,说清潮热一周几次、影不影响睡
  • 把病史和家族史讲全:乳腺、血栓、心血管,别自己买药
  • 要用就按处方用、按时复查;目标是压症状,不是防心脏病

坑这一条有争议:那项试验的女性平均 63 岁、用的是固定口服方案,和现在 50 来岁为症状用药的人不完全一样,不能用来防心脏病。

成本:去妇科或更年期门诊看一次。医生会问病史,看你有没有不适合用激素的情况,合适的再开处方。用上以后要按医生的要求复查。难在放下「激素一碰就得癌」的害怕,也别听说能抗衰老就自己去买。第 2 节 · 不要慢慢死

出处

MacLennan AH, Broadbent JL, Lester S, Moore V (2004). Oral oestrogen and combined oestrogen/progestogen therapy versus placebo for hot flushes. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (4), CD002978. <https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD002978.pub2>;Writing Group for the Women's Health Initiative Investigators, Rossouw JE, Anderson GL, Prentice RL, 等 (2002). Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: principal results from the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA, 288(3), 321-333. <https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.288.3.321>;Manson JE, Chlebowski RT, Stefanick ML, 等 (2013). Menopausal hormone therapy and health outcomes during the intervention and extended poststopping phases of the Women's Health Initiative randomized trials. JAMA, 310(13), 1353-1368. <https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2013.278040>;Manson JE, Aragaki AK, Rossouw JE, 等 (2017). Menopausal hormone therapy and long-term all-cause and cause-specific mortality: the Women's Health Initiative randomized trials. JAMA, 318(10), 927-938. <https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2017.11217>;Marjoribanks J, Farquhar C, Roberts H, 等 (2017). Long-term hormone therapy for perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (1), CD004143. <https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004143.pub5>;US Preventive Services Task Force, Mangione CM, Barry MJ, 等 (2022). Hormone therapy for the primary prevention of chronic conditions in postmenopausal persons: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. JAMA, 328(17), 1740-1746. <https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2022.18625>

痛经就吃布洛芬这类止痛药,别硬扛;痛到耽误上班上学、吃三个月药也压不住,就去妇科查

痛经吃布洛芬这类药,痛明显减轻的人从不到两成升到约一半,比对乙酰氨基酚管用,副作用多一点。痛到耽误上班上学、同房时深处痛,或者吃三个月药还压不住,就去妇科查子宫内膜异位症。一项十国研究里,这个病从出现症状到确诊平均拖了 6.7 年。

  • 痛的那几天按说明书吃布洛芬这类药,别硬扛
  • 吃 3 个月还压不住,或者同房时深处痛,就去妇科查
  • 查完 B 超正常也别作罢,把症状和用药记下来带给医生

坑妇科检查和 B 超都正常,也不能排除子宫内膜异位症;确诊要靠腹腔镜,别因为 B 超正常就不查了。

成本:一盒布洛芬十几块钱,只在痛的那几天吃。需要去妇科的,挂号、做 B 超要花一些钱和半天时间。第 3 节 · 不要浪费精力

出处

Marjoribanks J, Ayeleke RO, Farquhar C, Proctor M (2015). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for dysmenorrhoea. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (7):CD001751. <https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD001751.pub3>;National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (2017, updated 2024). Endometriosis: diagnosis and management (NG73), recommendations 1.3.1, 1.4.2, 1.4.3, 1.5.4. <https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng73/chapter/Recommendations>;Nnoaham KE, Hummelshoj L, Webster P, et al.; World Endometriosis Research Foundation Global Study of Women's Health consortium (2011). Impact of endometriosis on quality of life and work productivity: a multicenter study across ten countries. Fertility and Sterility, 96(2):366-373.e8. <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.05.090>;Schoep ME, Adang EMM, Maas JWM, De Bie B, Aarts JWM, Nieboer TE (2019). Productivity loss due to menstruation-related symptoms: a nationwide cross-sectional survey among 32 748 women. BMJ Open, 9(6):e026186. <https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026186>;Haleon (2026). Advil (ibuprofen capsule, liquid filled), OTC drug label: Warnings. DailyMed. <https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=1f01c10a-9434-91a4-2ee4-352315a6b610>

同类问题

这条回答是给一个正在着急的人写的,不是法律意见或医嘱。 金额大、动到人身、或者已经进到程序里,去找律师、医生和办事窗口。